“In celestial mechanics, an orbital resonance occurs when orbiting bodies exert a regular, periodic gravitational influence on each other, usually because their orbital periods are related by a ratio of small integers.” - wiki
Imagine a trampoline with multiple jumpers. Typically the bounces of one jumper are unrelated to the bounces of another jumper.
...But every once in a while, the timing lines up such that a pair of jumpers' bounces affect each-other.
Over time, these effects will cause nearby jumpers to fall into rythymic patterns based one one-anothers' bounces. Notice the relationships between the jumpers: (each bounce of the astronaut is 2 bounces of the rover & every 3 bounces of the alien is 2 bounces of the astronaut).
Orbiting bodies (like planets or moons) behave similarly when they are close enough for their respective gravities to affect one another. Much like the jumpers on the trampoline, over time these bodies often fall into nice patterns that result in some beautiful patterns.
Who knows how many examples there might be throughout the universe, but for now, enjoy the beautiful patterns made from these.
a Matt Dzugan project